Environmental guidance for your business in Northern Ireland & Scotland
SEPA: Special waste guidance (Scotland)
If your business produces hazardous/special waste, you must make sure that it is disposed of or treated by an appropriate facility. You must not treat your own hazardous/special waste unless you are authorised to do so, and have the required in-house skills and facilities. Hazardous waste is waste that may be harmful to human health or the environment
Some hazardous/special waste such as solvents, waste oils and metals can be recovered and recycled. Some hazardous/special waste can be incinerated, usually with other fuels, to generate power. Specialist incinerators for the most difficult hazardous/special wastes work at extremely high temperatures and have strict emission controls.
Treatment involves physical, thermal, chemical or biological processes (including sorting) that change the characteristics of waste in order to:
Diluting hazardous/special waste by mixing it with non-hazardous materials doesn't qualify as treatment. If hazardous/special waste is mixed in this way it must still be classified and managed as hazardous/special waste, or separated when it is safe to do so.
Mixing different categories of hazardous/special waste, or hazardous/special waste with non-hazardous waste or non-waste, is only allowed in certain circumstances and always requires a permit.
You must only dispose of hazardous/special waste at authorised sites.
You should try to reduce and recycle your hazardous/special waste before sending it for disposal.
See the page in this guideline: Reducing your hazardous/special waste
Make sure that your waste is transported by a registered or exempt waste carrier.
NIEA: Checking that your waste carrier is registered or exempt (Northern Ireland)
In Scotland, contact SEPA to find out if your waste carrier is registered or has an exemption. You can also find a list of registered waste carriers online:
SEPA: A list of registered waste carriers (Scotland)
If you intend to take hazardous/special waste to a landfill site, you must use a site that is authorised to accept it.
Hazardous waste landfill sites may not be able to take all types of hazardous/special waste. Landfill sites will only accept certain types of hazardous/special waste if all of the following requirements are met:
Certain types of hazardous/special waste are banned from landfill sites including those that are explosive, corrosive, flammable or infectious. All liquid waste is also banned from landfill.
Hazardous/special waste must be treated before it is sent to landfill.
Hazardous/special waste can only be exported for recovery or recycling (not for disposal) to another Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) country. Exports can only be made by authorised treatment facilities.
Waste Thesaurus: SEPA guidance for coding waste An alphabetical list of waste types with their corresponding EWC codes.
Find licensed waste sites to recycle or dispose of business waste in your area
NIEA: Hazardous waste guidance (Northern Ireland)
SEPA: Special waste guidance (Scotland)
What is hazardous/special waste?
Producing and storing hazardous/special waste
Moving and transferring hazardous/special waste
Treating and disposing of hazardous/special waste
Groundwater in Northern Ireland, DAERA have produced a leaflet to raise awareness about this untapped resource
EU Exit, EU Exit useful information
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